Amasulwa okuhlinzekisa emisebenzini yokuqondisa izinto zokusebenza nezinto zokusebenza kwezinkimanga

Ngani Ukuthi Izihlathi Zokusebenza Kwe-Nitrile Ziyisisekelo Sokuphatha Isibindi Esikhulu Kukuphatha Amakhemikhali

Ukuphatha amakhemikhali kuyisisekelo esikhulu emasimini okuproducwa, emazilabhorathorini, emasimini okuhlela, emasimini okuziphatha izihlathi zokusebenza, nokuphatha amakhemikhali ngokwesayensi. Abasebenzi bafunda amakhemikhali amaninzi njengezinkhuni, izinkhuni zokufaka, izinkhuni zokuphatha, izinkhuni zokuchitha, izinkhuni zokuchitha, nokuthi kungabi nangaphandle kwezinye izinto ezinokuthi zibone isibindi sokuphatha isibindi, ukuphatha kwamakhemikhali, noma izinkinga eziphelele zokuphatha isibindi. Izihlathi zokusebenza kwe-nitrile zinokunika indlela esikhulu yokuphatha isibindi ngokwenza isibindi phakathi kwesibindi sokuphatha isibindi nesibindi sokuphatha amakhemikhali. Kodwa ukukhetha izihlathi ezifanele kuyisisekelo esikhulu kulokho okungafanele ukuthi uchaze ukuthi "zisibindi sokuphatha amakhemikhali." Ukuphatha amakhemikhali kuyisisekelo sokuthi izihlathi ziyisibindi, ubude, ubude bakhe, isikhathi sokuphatha, isikhathi sokuphatha, isikhathi sokuphatha, nokuthi kungabi nangaphandle kwezinye iziphakade zokuphatha amakhemikhali ezinokuthi zibone isibindi sokuphatha isibindi.

Ukuphatha Amakhemikhali Kwamakhemikhali Okusebenza Kwe-Nitrile

INitrile yisirubha esikhuthulayo esisebenzisa kakhulu emagwebeni okuhlinzekela kwezindustria ngoba isinika ukuchaza okuphelele kwezinkokhelo zokuhlinzekela ngemithombo, ukukhanyisa ukugcina, ukuzimela, nokuphila kahle. Ngokulingana nangamagweba amaningi okususa okuncane, amagweba okusebenza kwezindustria ayasebenzisa izinto eziningi ezincane futhi kungasebenzise amagweba okunqamuka ukuze akwazi ukugcina kahle uma usebenzisa izintshukumo, amabhokisi, noma izinkampani.

Ukuvikela ngemithombo kufanele kubhekwa ngamatolo amathathu: ukugcina, ukungena, nokuhlukana. Ukugcina kufana noma chemikhali iphuma ngaphandle kwesigweba ngokwemithombo. Ukungena kufana noma chemikhali iphuma ngaphandle kwemikhawulo, amasiko, amaduli, noma izinye izindawo zokungena. Ukuhlukana kufana noma chemikhali iphuma ngaphandle kwesigweba, kuyenza ukuthi sigweba sibuye sifanekile, sibuye sifanele, sibuye sikhohlwe, sibuye sikhohlwe kahle, noma sibuye sisiphilile kahle.

Ngakho-ke, iglova lingakubonisa ukuthi inamandla okuzimela kuthi yiliphi na i-chemical ngaphandle kokuthi ingabonisa ukuthi inamandla okuzimela kwezinye izikhathi. Ngalesi simo, ukuthi iglova "inamandla okuzimela i-chemical" ayikwazi ukubuyisela idatha yokusebenza yomthwalo wokuzimela i-chemical.

Isikhathi sokuphuma kwi-chemical ne-ukuzimela kwezinye izikhathi

Isikhathi sokuphuma kwi-chemical kukubalwa okubalulekile ekubhaleni amaglova okuzimela i-chemical. Kuyibonisa isikhathi esidingekayo u-chemical ukuthi asondele ngaphansi kwemithombo yokuqondisa okubalulekile futhi afike kumlinganiselo wokubonwa okuchazwa ngendlela yokubalwa eyisebenzayo.

Isikhathi eside sokuphuma kwi-chemical kusobala ukuthi kunezinhlobo zokuzimela kumithombo yokuqondisa, kodwa akufanele kubhekwa njengokuthi kuyisibonelo sokuzimela ngokuphelele kulesikhathi ngaso sonke isikhathi esingasemkhakheni. Ukusebenza kungashintsha ngokulingana nokuphakanyiswa kwe-chemical, isikhathi, imithombo yokuxhumana, ubude bweglova, umfanekiso, nokuxhumana kabusha.

Umph example, amaphutha e-nitrile angakusiza ekubhekiseni kwezinye izinkampani zemithi, izinkampani zokuphatha, izinkampani zokuchitha, nokho kwezinye izinkampani zokufaka noma zokuvula. Kepha, izinkampani eziningi zingadlula amaphutha e-nitrile ngokushesha kakhulu. I-acetone yindlela eyaziwa kakhulu apho amaphutha e-nitrile angakubeka isibonelo esincinci sokuvikela, kusukela kuqondiso lwe-mphutha nokubhindele. Izinkampani ezingakanani nezinkampani ezingakanani kakhulu zidinga ukuzivikela okuhambisana nomphutha, akadinga ukuziqonda kuphela ngokwesibonelo sesikhathi sokusebenza.

Ngaphambi kokukhetha amaphutha e-nitrile esebenza emithini ukusebenza kwezinkampani, abasebenzi bokuvikela kufanele bahlalele isithombe sokuvikela izinkampani esinikezwe yisifundo sokuphatha, futhi bavikeli imiphumela yokuzivikela yezinkampani zokusebenza, ukulinganisa kwakho, nokuthi kungaba yini ukusebenza okuxhaswa ngokuphelele.

Amaphutha e-Nitrile esebenza emithini vs. Amaphutha e-Nitrile awasenzi

Akukho nitrile gloves zonke zinakubika lelihlobo lesilinganiso. Izigwala zesikhathi esinye sokuzilungisa izigwala zesikhathi esinye sokuzilungisa zihlanganisa kakhulu kumsebenzi ophansi, apho ukulungiswa kwemithombo, ukuphatha ngokuhle, nokulungiswa kweminye yezigwala ziyizinkinga ezinkulu.

Ukubanzi kuyisidingo esikhulu, kodwa akuyiyo yindlela eyodwa. Ukusebenza kwesigwala sesendustri kuthinta futhi i-nitrile formulation, indlela yokwenza, isimo sesigwala, isimo sesibhakabhaka, izinkinga zokusebenza, nokuzimela kwezichaza zokugcina.

Kumasebenzi okunqamuka ngokuzimela kwezichaza, ukulungiswa, ukucima kwezinqobo, noma ukwenza kwezindustri, abasengi baya kufuna ukukhathazeka ukusiza kwezigwala kuphela ngokubanzi noma igama lomthwalo. Igwala elibanzi le-nitrile alikho ngokuzenzakalela ukuthi libe nemiphumela yezichaza zonke. Idata yokuqonda kokuzimela kuyoba yisidingo sokuthi igwala liyisebenza kumasebenzi okuyifuna.

Amashalashala okuhlawula kwezindustri zezigwala ze-nitrile

Amaglozi okuphatha izinkimba kufanele akhethwe njengendlela yokubhekisisa izinkinga zokusebenza, angakwazi ukubhekiswa kuphela ngamazwi okuhlanganisa. Emzantsi weNingizimu, imithombo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi baphathe izinkimba (PPE) ka-OSHA ngaphansi kuka-29 CFR 1910.132 iyayiqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi bafunde izinkinga zokusebenza futhi bakhethe i-PPE ephambili lapho kunezinga.

Kukusebenzisa izinkimba ezihlanganisa izinkimba, kufanele ulwazi lokuxhumana nesikhungo sokuxhumana ngezinkimba (SDS), izimo zokuxhumana kwesikhungo, nokuthi amadatha wokuziphatha amaglozi ayo kusuka kumthengisi.

ASTM D6319 nokuziphatha izinkimba zokuxhumana ngezinkimba

ASTM D6319 yisiphequliso sesifunda sokuziphatha izinkimba zokuzilungisa izinkimba zokuzilungisa. Iyakhombisa izinto ezithile njengezinkimba zokuzilungisa nezinkimba zokuzilungisa. Noma kuyakwazi ukunika ulwazi olusemthethweni ngokuchaza ukuthi izinkimba zokuzilungisa ziyakhona, kufanele asibhekiswe njengesiphequliso sokuziphatha izinkimba zokuxhumana ngezinkimba kusenqumeni.

Kulokhokho kwezincwadi zokukhathazeka ngemithambo, abafundisi bayaqoba ukuthi bakhathazeke kakhulu ngemboni yezinkcukacha zokuphuma kwezikhimika nezinkcukacha zokugqibela kanye nokubaluleka kwemithambo yezikhimika ephathelene nesifundo esisebenzisa emkhakheni wabo.

Imithambo ye-EN ISO 374 yokukhathazeka ngemithambo yezikhimika

Kulokhokho kwe-Europe nezinye izwe, iseri ye-EN ISO 374 iyisifundo esibalulekile kakhulu kumithambo yezikhimika yokukhathazeka.

I-EN ISO 374-1 ibuyisela ubugcino nobunzima bemithambo eya kuvikela phansi kwemithambo engenakho imithambo yezikhimika. Ngokuchaza kwezinkcukacha zokuziphatha, imithambo yezikhimika yokukhathazeka ingabhalwa kusuka kwezinhlobo ezahlukene, kungakhathalela i-Type A, i-Type B, ne-Type C.

Ukuhlukaniswa kufundwa ngokuchaza kwezinkcukacha zokuphuma kwezikhimika zokuziphatha futhi akufanele kubhekwa njengokuthi umthambo othile uyasebenza konke izikhimika.

EN ISO 374-4 iyashicilela ukuthintana kwezinkulungwane. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba iglova lingathintana ngezinkulungwane kodwa lingaphansi kwezinkinga zokugqibela okunye nokugqibela kwezinto zokusebenza emva kokuthintana nezinkulungwane.

Kukuphatha iziphumo zokuthenga, lezi zizindlela zokuzivikela zidinga ukuthi zihlanganiswe nezincamango zezinhlelo zokuproducisa futhi neziphumo zezifundo zezinkulungwane zokuzivikela.

Ukukhetha Iglova Zemithi Yenitrile Yokusebenza Kwezinkulungwane

Ukukhetha iglova esihle yemithi yenitrile yokusebenza kuyadinga ukudluliswa kwezinkulungwane zokuxhumana, imikhawulo yokuqondwa, ukuvikela kwezinto zokusebenza, nokuhleleka kwabasebenzi.

Isinye sesigaba sokuqala kukukhombisa izinkulungwane ezisebenziswa futhi nezinkulungwane zazo. Isinye sesigaba esilandelayo kukukhombisa uma abasebenzi baya kubona ukuthintana kwezinkulungwane kancane, ukuxhumana okuphinda phinda, ukuxhumana ngqo, noma ukufakwa kwezinkulungwane. Lezi zimikhawulo zokuxhumana zingadinga ubukhulu obuhle obuhle obukhulu bokuvikela.

Ukuthempela kufanele kube kubhekwe ngokuchaza ngoba ukugcina kwezinkimanga nokuhlanza kweglova kungathintana ngekuphakanyiswa kwesikhathi. Isikhathi sokuxhumana kuyindima eyamandla. Iglova eliyasebenza kahle ngeminyaka yokuqala yokukhupha kungalisebenzi kahle ngokugcina kwezinkimanga.

Okokugcina, iglova kufanele libe nemiphilo yezinhlobo zokulinda nokuzinikela ngokuphelele kusenzo. Ukulinda kwezinkimanga kuphela akakwazi ukwenza ukuthi iglova liyasebenza kuhle kuwonke amasevisi emithombo.

Ubukhulu, Ukuzinikela, Nokulinda

Ukuphakanyisa ubukhulu beglova kungahlela ukuphakanyisa ukutholakala kwayo futhi kungahlela ukuphakanyisa ukulinda kwezinkimanga kuzo zizinhlobo ezithile, kodwa ubukhulu kuphela akakwazi ukucaphuna ukulinda kwezinkimanga. Iglova elikhulu kungalibeka isikhathi sokuzinikela nokuzinikela ngokuphelele.

Kusenzo esihlelwe ngokuphelele, abasebenzi bangafuna iglova elincane elinika ukuzinikela okuhle. Kusenzo esikhulu sokulungisa, ukuthumela kwezinkimanga, noma kusenzo esisilisa izimpilo zokuzinikela, iglova elikhulu le-nitrile lingaba yilokusho lokulinga.

Kwimisebenzi eminye, abasebenzi bangabasebenzisa isistimu yesigubhu esisemanzini nesigubhu esikhulu esibophelela kakhulu. Lokhu kungakusiza ekukhanyiseni ukuthi kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi kungaphansi kwesifunda sokugcina ukuthi kungahleli kanye nokuthi kungasiza ekubaleni ukuthi kuyiphi indlela yokusebenza ngokuphelele noma ukuthi kuyiphi indlela yokubophelela. Kodwa, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi isistimu yezigubhu zonke ziyasebenza njani noma ziyatholakala njani, kungekho ukuthi kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi izigubhu ezimbili ziyathola ukuthi ziyabophelela kabili.

Imisebenzi Yokusebenza Nezinkemikali Eziyenza Isigubhu Sihle

Isigubhu esikhethwe ngendlela efanele singafeli uma sisebenzisa ngendlela engafanele. Abasebenzi kufanele bakabheke isigubhu phambi kokusebenzisa kwayo bafunele bafunde isigubhu uma kubonakala ukuthi kufela, kufela, kuchithakale, kuchithakale, noma kubonakala izinkomba zokufela.

Amaglova kufanele akusukwe ngokuhle ukuze ukungakwazi ukuthumela izinkimika kusikili. Amaglova okusebenza okuphinde akhangelwa kufanele achazwe, achazwe kanye nokugcinwa ngokulandela amalungu ayo wokwenza. Amaglova atholakile kuzinkimika ezingaqondi kufanele abe yizinye zokusebenzisa kabusha ngokujwayelekile ngoba kungabikho ukuthi kubonakala kahle kodwa kungaba nekuthi kuyaphuma ngaphandle kokubonakala kahle.

Abasebenzi bafanele bakholiswe ukuze baze bazi ukuthi amaglova okuhlinzekisa izinkimika ayinazo izidingo zokusebenza. Umaglova ufanele ukuthiwe yindlela eyodwa yokuphatha izinkimika ephambili ezingaqondi, okungukuthi kubhekwa kwezinye izindlela zokuphatha izinkimika njengezindlela zokuphatha kwezinto, izindlela zokuphatha ngokuphelele, ukuvula amasiko, ukulinda amehlo, amasiko okuhlinzekisa, nokuphatha izinkinga zokuphela.

Kungani Ukuthi Ukuthi Ukwenzeka Kwamaglova Kwezinkimika Kuyadingeka

Umsebenzi wokuchaza amaglova okuhlinzekisa okunembile kakhulu ubegina ngokuphelele ngezinkimika ezithile kodwa akabegina ngomthwalo wamaglova.

Isibonelo, iziglova zezindustria zezinitrile ezimbili nezidinga ezifanayo kuzoba nezinkinga zokuphatha izinkimika ngokuhluke kakhulu ngoba izindlela zokwenza nezindlela zokufaka kuzo zihluke. Ngokufanayo, isiglova esisodwa singase sikhululeka ngokuhluke phakathi kwamazinkimika amabili.

Ngoko ke umsebenzi wokuthenga okuphelele kufanele uhlaziyise:

• Igama lezinkimika nobuningi bakho

• Isikhathi sokubona kusobala

• Ukubhisha, ukubona okungaphansi kwezinsuku, noma ukubona ngokugcina kabusha

• Izinga Lokusebenza

• Ubukhulu besiglova

• Amaphethini okuphatha kwezinkimika

• Amaphethini yokuhlukana kwezinkimika

• Amaphawu Omekanikali

• Ubukhulu obudingekayo bokusebenzisa nokubamba

• Amasiko ayesithembiso nesizathu sokungasebenzi abavumelwa ngabafundi

Lokhu kunciphisa umphumela wokukhetha iglova ngokusebenzisa izibonelo zemateriali ezingenabizo futhi kusiza ukuthi iprodukthi ithimba lezinkinga zokusebenza ezithile.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kungani iglova yasezindustri yomnqobi yasebenziswa kakhulu ekubhenjini kwamachemikhali?

Iglova yasezindustri yomnqobi inakha ukuthi ibe yinkimbinkimbi yokubhekana nemachemikhali, ukubhekana nokuphatha, ubuhle bakho, ubukhulu bokubhekana, nokubhekana ngezinye izinto. Kungasebenzi kakhulu kwezinye izichemikhali zasezindustri, kodwa ukusebenza kuhlanganisa ngokulinganayo kwezichemikhali nezibonelo zeglova. Abasebenzi kufanele bavumile izidata zokubhekana ngezichemikhali zeprodukthi kabusha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.

Kungani ukuthi ukubheka kwezichemikhali kungaba kahle kakhulu uma iglova yomnqobi ibheka kakhulu?

Cha. Ukubheka kungabhekisa ukubhekana nokuphatha nokubhekana kwezichemikhali, kodwa akasikhiyeli ukubhekana ngezichemikhali ngokwesibonelo. Izibonelo zeglova, ukukhula kwezichemikhali, isikhathi, isikhathi sokubhekana, nokubhekana kwezizathu zokuzivulwa kufanele kubhekwa.

Ubudlela bokubhekana ngokuvulwa kuyiphi?

Isikhathi sokufika kwezinkinga siyisikhathi esidingekayo ukuthi ikhemikali iphume ngaphandle kwemithombo yeglova futhi ifike emathuluzini okubhalwa ngokwesindlela yokuzimisa. Yilokhu okuchazwa ngokwesilinganiso sesifundo esihlanganisa ikhemikali, futhi akufanele kubhekwa njengesikhathi sokusebenza ngokuphelele esihlakile.

Kuphi umahluko phakathi kokuphuma kwezinkinga nokuhlanzwa?

Ukuphuma kwezinkinga kufana noma ikhemikali yezinkinga iphume ngaphandle kwemithombo yeglova. Ukulhanzwa kufana noma ikhemikali iyenzela ukuguqula imiphumela yezinkinga yeglova, njengokwenza ukuthi igcwele, ishwele, ishwele, noma ishwele. Izinto zombili ziyizinga ebalulekile uma kusukwela iziglova zokulinda ikhemikali.

Ngabe zonke iziglova zokunqamuka zinconywa ukusebenza ngokuphelele kwezinkinga zokusebenza?

Cha. Amaglova ephakanyisiweyo nangokwesibonelo nezinye zezinhlobo zemaglova yonke ezihlukene kakhulu ngokubhala, ukuthi yini, ubukhulu bokuphatha, nokuthi kuyaphila kanjani ekuthinteni izinkimika. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenza kwamaglova yonke ezihlukene kakhulu ngokuthi yini nokuthi yini isithembiso sokusebenza. Ukukhetha kufanele kwenziwe ngokubeka phakathi kwempilo ulwazi lwesayensi lwezinhlobo zomkhakha wokuthintela izinkimika nezinkinga zokuthintwa.

Amakhampani ayakhekha njani amaglova yonke ezihlukene ukuthintela inkimika eyodwa?

Amakhampani kufanele akhombise inkimika nekukhomba ukuthi yini, akhombise izinkinga zokuthintwa, abheke isayensi yezinto zokuphatha kanye nokubheka ulwazi lwesayensi lwezinhlobo zomkhakha wokuthintela izinkimika nokuthi kuyaphila kanjani. Ukukhetha okugcwele kufanele kubheke ukuthi kuyaphila kanjani ukuthintwa kwezinkimika, isikhathi sokuthintwa, izinkinga zokuthintwa kwezinhlobo zezinto, ukuthi kuyaphila kanjani ukuthintwa kwezinhlobo zezinto, ukuthi kuyaphila kanjani ukuthintwa kwezinhlobo zezinto, nokuthi kuyaphila kanjani ukuthintwa kwezinhlobo zezinto.

Ngakwenzeka ukuthintwa kwezinkimika ngamaglova yonke ezihlukene?

Amaglova e-nitrile esikhundleni sezindustria kungamemeza ukuthi angafanele kubizo obuchanekile bakugcina ngokuphakathi, kodwa lokhu akukwenzeka ukubhekisela kuphela kumateriali noma kubude. Ukugcina ngokuphakathi kuzo zonke izikhathi kufune imininingwane yokuqhubeka kwezichaza zokugcina nezichaza zokuhlupha ematikhwini ayisodwa kusuka kumthunywa wamaglova.

Isiphetho

Amaglova e-nitrile esikhundleni sezindustria angathola ukulondoloza amadla ngokuthula kubizo abaningi bekugcina izichaza, kodwa ukusebenza kwazo kuyaphendula kubaningi kunezibhalo "nitrile" kubhala lezinto. Ukuthanda kwezichaza, ukuthatha kwezinhlobo zamaglova, ubude, isikhathi sokugcina, ubuningi, isikhathi, ukugcina, nokuhlupha konke kubandakanya ukulondoloza okwenzeka.

Kukusebenzisa amaglova okuhle kwezindlela zokusebenzisa izinkemikali ngokuphelele, indlela enembile kakhulu yokuqonda ukuthi kuyini okubhekisekile kumsebenzi wokubhekisa izinkinga nokuziphatha ngokwesibonelo esikhululekile kwezinkemikali futhi ukubhekisa imininingwane yokuzimela emaqhina. Ngokudibanisa ukuthi amaglova ayisisekelo kwezinkemikali ngokuphelele nendlela yokubhala isibonelo, ukuthi amaglova ayithandabuza, ukuthi amaglova ayizindawo zokugcina, ukuthi amaglova ayizindawo zokufunda, nokuthi abasebenzi bafundiswe kahle, izimpahla ziyakwakha inkulumo yezihlalo esebenzayo kakhulu futhi ziyakwakha ukunciphisa ukuthi abasebenzi baphinde bakhokele izinkemikali ezingaphansi kwezindawo zokusebenza eziningi.