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Izinkinga eziphambili zokulinda izandla emasitayela okwesikwele
Ukusebenza kwimvelo yokuqondisa kusinika abasebenzi izinkinga eziningi ezifihlakileyo ngalinye lesibili. Abasebenzi bafunda izinto zokwakha ezingenabuhlungu, izinto zemetal ezingenabuhlungu nezinto ezingabi ngenani kwiindawo zokusebenza zezulu nezinkhuni. Izinqumo ezininzi ziyiziqhathu, izibhujwa, izibhujwa zokuphuma kwezinye nezinye zokugxila kwezinto zokuchitha njengokukhanya, izinkambo nezinto zokususa ubungu. Abampofu abaningi bakubona iziphumo ezinikekileyo okanye abagcina ukuthi izikhumba zokusebenza kwezindlu noma izikhumba zokulinda ozilinganayo azisizo kwiimvelo ezilungileyo zokusebenza. Lezi ziqondiso zingasolwa ngokushesha emva kokusebenza kancane, zilahlela umthelela wazo xa zikhiywe ngokuchitha, futhi azikwazi ukunika ukulinda okuphelele kwezinye zokuphuma kwezinye. Ezinye zezikhumba zokulinda zihambisa ukuzimela kwezinye, okuyenza ukusebenza kufana ngokushesha futhi kubeka isiphumo esingenabuhlungu kwenkqubo yokusebenza. Konke okuqondisa kufuna ukulinda okuphakathi kwezinye okuphakathi kwezinye nokulinda okuphakathi kwezinye. Ukuzwa lezi zinqumo zokusebenza zilinye zilinye yilokokuqala ukukhetha izikhumba zokulinda zokusebenza okuphakathi kwezinye okuphakathi kwezinye okuphakathi kwezinye okuphakathi kwezinye.
Imithambo Yezifundo Zokugcina Isibonelo Nokuthuthukisa Kwemithambo Yokuphatha
Amaglovi okusebenza okwamukelwa kakhulu kufanele aqonde izindlela zokuphepha zokuphepha zezwe wonke ukuze abe nesiphumo esifanayo emazweni onke. Abasayensi bezinsiza bakhuluma ukuthi EN 388:2016 ishikithi sokuphepha esinezimithi eziyisithupha, apho izimithi ezine zokuqala ziyafanele (ukugxila 1-4, ukuchitha 1-5, ukuvula 1-4, ukuphuma 1-4), isithupha sesihlanu sikhethwa ngokuzichaza (ukuchitha kwe-TDM A-F), futhi isithupha sesithupha sikhethwa ngokuzichaza (ukuphuma kwesikhathi 1-3) — okuyakusiza abathengi ukubona ngokucacile indawo yokuphepha eyidingekayo ngalokho lokusebenza. Kuzinzilo eziphatha izinkemicali, izinto zifanele ukuphumelela ukuthi ziqondwe ngokuphepha kwe-EN 374, okubhekisa imizindlela eminingi yokuzokwazi. Ukuchaza kwe-Type A/B/C kubhekisa kuphela emiphumelweni yokuqonda (Type A iyadingeka ukuba kunezinkemicali ezingu-6 noma ngaphezu kwalokho okunqondwa ngokuphepha ≥2, Type B ≥3, Type C ≥1), okusiza ukubona ngokucacile amaphuzu okukhanya nezinkemicali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezimithi zokugxila kanye nezimithi zokuphepha kwe-microbial (EN 374-5); lokhu okugcina kuyasebenza kakhulu kwezindawo zokuphatha izifo nezindawo zokuzokwazi, futhi akasenzi isibalo sokuchaza kwe-Type kwezinto zokuphepha kwezinkemicali. Amaglovi okusebenza okuhle kakhulu ayisebenzisa izinhlayo ezihle kakhulu njenge-nitrile enhle kakhulu, iskinthi esihle kakhulu esinokuphambuka, kanye nezinhlayo ezinomthelelo okhulu. Izinhlayo zama-nitrile zihlukaniswe ngokuthi zinamandla okuphepha kakhulu kwezinkemicali, amahloko, kanye nezinkemicali zokuphambuka, futhi ukuchitha okuhle kwezinyawo zezinyawo kanye nezinyawo zokuphambuka kuyadlula isikhathi sokusebenza. Abasayensi abakhuluma ngokuphepha bayenza izimithi eziningi ukuze bavikele ukuthi amaglovi ayabona ukuthi abe nenhliziyo kanye nezinhlelo zokuphambuka nakwezinyawo zokuphambuka nakwezinyawo zokuphambuka. Zonke izinto ziqondwe kanye neziqukethe izindlela zokuphepha zika-CE; kuzinzilo zaseNort America, ziqondwe kanye nezindlela zokuphepha zika-ANSI/ISEA 105 yokuphepha kwezinyawo. Konke ukuchaza kwezinhlayo kanye nokuchaza kwezinhlelo zokuphambuka kuyabhekisa emphakathini yezinsiza, ukuze konke amaglovi ayabona ukuthi abe nenhliziyo ekhaya kwezindawo zokusebenza eziningi.
Amasulutioni Okugcina Isikhundla Sokusebenza Kwesikhangeli
Izindawo ezihlukene kwezindawo zokubhala zinakho izinkinga eziyisibonelo, ngoko ke amaglovi angasikwazi ukuphulaphula izidingo ezihlukene. Kumaqondi othengisa amabrikhi, i-concrete nezinkambo zesi-steel, amaglovi amakhulu okunqula okungavumelekile nesikhombisa esingafaka umshini wokuvimbela kuyasebenza kahle ukuze kwenziwe ubuncinane bekunqula okufanekayo. Kumaqondi we-rebar othola izinkinga zokuvimbela okuphezulu kwezinkambo zesisi-steel eziphakeme, sizathola amaglovi ane-palm pads ezingakhulu futhi nezintando zezinyawo ezingaqondiwe ngokuphelele ukuze zilindele izimilo zokuvimbela. Kumaqondi wezokubhala kwemithombo yamandla, amaglovi atholakalwa nesilinganiso sesikhundla sokulingisa amandla, okusukela ku-Class 00 (kude kuka-500V AC) ku-Clas 4 (kude kuka-36,000V AC), okusiza ukuziqonda ukwahlukanisa ngokwesimo sezinhlobo zomkhumbi. Abaqondi bokuvamba nezinto zesi-steel kufuneka banezinyawo zokuvamba okungazivimbela nokulinda izindlebe zesi-steel ozinhliziyo; iziphetho ezibalulekile ziyizinto zokulingisa isikhundla sokulingisa amandla kanye nokulinda ukuvimbela kwezindlebe zesi-steel ozinhliziyo phakathi kokuhlaza kwezinyawo. Abaqondi bezokuguqula nezinto zokubhala kufuneka banezinyawo okungazivimbela izilungu nokulinda izilungu nezilungu zokuvimbela; iziphetho ezibalulekile ziyisilinganiso se-EN 374 Type A/B/C okusiza ukuvimbela izilungu nezilungu zokuvimbela. Izindawo zokubhala kwemithombo yamandla zifuna futhi amaglovi atholakalwa ngokuphelele ukuze zilindele ukuvimbela kwezinyawo. Ngokuxhumana kude ngezindawo zokubhala emhlabeni wonke, izisombululo zokugxila amaglovi zinakha ukuthatha isikhundla sokugxila ukuthi zilungisele izinyawo, isikhundla sokugxila nokulinda izinyawo ngokwesikhundla sokugxila. Amashishini angakwazi ukudala amaglovi amanqina noma izithembiso zezindawo kwezinyawo ezingafanele ukungavumelekile ukulinda izinyawo noma isikhundla sokugxila ukusasa ukubona abantu besebenza kanye nokulungisa ukusebenza kwezindawo. Lezi zisombululo zokugxila ziyakwenza ukulinda kwezinyawo kubalulekile ngokwesikhundla sokugxila ngokwesikhundla sokugxila.
Izindlela Zokusebenzisa Okuphathelene Nokubona Kwisikhathi Sokuziphatha Kwesilwane
Amaprojekthi ezenziweyo kwenyama yonke ayathembisa ngokuphelele ivali yezinhlelo zokusebenzisa amaglova okwakhiwa ngokuphelele. Isigaba esikhulu sokwakhiwa kwakwenzeka ukuthi kubhekene nezinkinga zokuzihlukanisa amaglova kanye nezinkinga zokugcina izandla zabancongco besebenza emuva. Ngokuguqula ku-amaglova amahulumeni asebenzisa ngokuphelele, isigaba sasibona izinguquko ezinkulu ngeminyaka emibili. Ukuphakanyiswa kwamaglova kushukuma kakhulu futhi inombolo yezinkinga zokusebenza zokugcina izandla kushukuma kakhulu. Abacongco baphendula ukuthi babonakala ubuhle obungcono kanye nobukhulu obungcono, okusiza abantu ukwenza izinto ngokufast. Isilinganiso esine sisebenzisa isigaba sesayensi esingaphansi kwezinye izwe zonke. Kuyadinga amaglova okhuluma ngokuphelele nesifunda sezifundo zokuvikela emazweni amabili. Amaglova okhuluma ngokuphelele akwazi ukuphuma ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izinspection zasezweni futhi asiza isigaba ukukhulula izinkinga zokuvikela ngokuphelele ngokusebenza kwaprojekthi. Ngapandle kwalokho, isigaba sokwakhiwa kwamaglova asivela ekuthintweni kanye ne-EN 388 Level 5 ukuthintwa kanye nezindlela zokusebenza kwezincwadi zezinkabi ezinkulu; umthengisi wamachimikali waguqula ku-amaglova okuvikela kwezichimikali ne-EN 374 Type A ukuthola kwezichimikali ezihlukahlukene; kanye nesigaba sokwakhiwa kwamaglova okuvikela kwezinkabi ngokuthintweni kwezisalti ukuthintwa kwezisalti ukuvikela ukuthintwa kwezisalti ngokuphambuka. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukuthenga amaglova okwakhiwa ngokuphelele kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokuvikela isite kanye nokukhulula izinkinga zokusebenza.
Iziphungo Zokuthenga kanye Nezindlela Zokusebenza Eziningi
Izihlangu zesikhundla esihle kakhulu zokwakha zinika iziphumo eziningi zokubuyisela ekhanda kwezinhlangano zokwakha. Izihlangu eziyisilungile nezifundiswa zinamandla okusebenza okude, okuthintana ngokuphatha kwemali yokuthenga kabusha kwezindlu ezingaphezulu. Ukusebenzisa izinto ezifanayo nezindlela zokuvikela okulinganayo kwezizwe zincongolisa izinhlangano zokwakha ukuphuma kwezivikelo zokuvikela zezinsizwa nezivikelo zokugcina, okunqamuka ukuthabatha amaphawu noma ukukhipha umsebenzi ngokwesikhundla sokuvikela esingasendulo. Izinhlobo zokusebenza eziphathelene nokuvikela zinamandla okunciphisa izimali zokuvikela izimpilo nezimali zokulungisa izimpilo, okwenza isikhundla sokusebenza sibe yilokho esibekile. Umsebenzi owenziwa ngabantu abavikelwe kahle uqhubeka ngokwanele futhi uqhubeka ngokwanele kwezindlu zokusebenza. Kwezinhlangano zokwakha ezinamandla okuzimela, izinhlelo zokuvikela ezithile njengezihlangu zokusebenza zokuvikela zincongolisa ubuhle bokusho kwezinhlangano futhi zincongolisa ukuthola izinkampani zokusebenza. Abantu abaningi bokwakha baza kubona ukuthenga izinto zokuvikela ngokuphelele njengokuthenga okunzima kodwa akayi inkampani yokuqala.
Ukuhlanganisa Ukusebenza Kwemithombo Yokuqala Nokuhlelwa Kwemisebenzi Yasezweni Zonke
Izisombululo zesikhundla sokuphatha kuzokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa indawo yokuprodukha enkulu nokusebenza kwezinkambo zokuthengiswa ezithile. I-Iboate inemizimbi eminingi yezindawo zokuprodukha kakhulu futhi inqubekela izinhlelo zokuprodukha eziphambili ukuze zilindele amathuba amaningi ngeziqu ezifanayo neziqu zokuphatha. Le bhande inesikhundla esinconywa konke, kusukela ekukhetheni isithembiso, ukuprodukha isampuli, ukuprodukha kakhulu, nokuthumela kwenhlanhla yonke, okuyisikhiyana sesikhathi sokuthumela kwebhrendi laba bafuna ukuthumela kakhulu. Isiqephu sesikhundla siphatha izidokhumenti zokuvumisa, iziraporti zokuzama, nokuhlanganisa abasebenzi ngendlela eyodwa, okusiza abasebenzi bokubhakula ukuphatha kwezinhlanhla zokuthengiswa kanye nezinhlanhla zokuvumisa kwezinhlanhla zonke. Ngokusebenzisa izinsuku ezingu-20 zokusebenza kwi-industri yezinto zokuvikela umuntu (PPE), i-Iboate ibhekene ngezinyathelo zokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuphatha izigwala ngokugcina izimpendulo zasemaphandleni wokubhakula kwenhlanhla yonke. Kusukela ekukhetheni izinto kuya kusukela ekupheleni kwesikhundla sokuphatha, izisombululo esinconywa konke sizosiza abasebenzi bokubhakula ukuphatha izigwala zokubhakula kwezinhlanhla zokubhakula ngokuphatha kakhulu kwezinhlanhla zonke.
