Ukusebenzisa Amaglova Okwakha Ukukhupha Kwezinye Zokugcina Nokugcina Kwezinye

Ukuqonda Imithombo Yokugcuta Nokugcoba Kwezincwadi Zokusebenza

Ukukhetha izincwadi zokusebenza eziphelele kubantu abasebenza kuzo kunezinkinga eziningi ngaphandle kokukhetha isilinganiso esiphelele sokulinda. Izinkundla ezihlukahlukene zizokhombisa abasebenzi kumazinkinga amahlanu okuhamba kwezandla, kungakhathaliseki izinyathelo zemetal ezingcono, izinyathelo zokugcoba, izindawo zokuphuma kwemithombo, nokusebenza kwezinto ezihlukahlukene ngokuphindele. Imithombo njenge-ANSI/ISEA 105, EN 388, ne-ANSI/ISEA 138 ibonakalisa imikhuba eyodwa yokubona ubukhulu bezincwadi zokusebenza futhi ukusiza abaphatha isigaba sokulinda ukukhetha ukulinda okufanele.

Ukuziqonda lezi zizindlela kusiza amakampani ukukhulula izinkinga ezimbili: ukusebenzisa amaglova angathinti ngokupheleleyo noma ukukhetha amaglova angathinti kakhulu okungahleli ukuthinteka, ukuziphatha ngokupheleleyo, nokwenza umsebenzi ngokupheleleyo.

Amaglova ase-ANSI/ISEA 105 A1–A9: Ukuziqonda Amadoda Okuthinteka Kwamaglova Kwezinkalulo Zokwakha

Isizindlela se-ANSI/ISEA 105 sibhekisela ukuthinteka kwamaglova ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuzivikela i-TDM-100, eyabonisa ubunzima obudingekayo ukuthi isiphothi sithintele amaglova. Isiphumo siboniswa ngama-grams, futhi izinombolo ezingaphezulu zibonisa ukuthinteka okuphezulu.

Isikhala sokuthinteka kwe-ANSI sijikeleza kusuka ku-A1 kuya ku-A9. Izinhlobo ezingaphansi zihlakile kubantu abasebenza ngokucacile, futhi izinhlobo ezingaphezulu zihlakile kumaziko apho kunezinto ezingasiphothi ngokuphezulu.

Izihlathi zika-A1 nezihlathi zika-A2 ziyasebenza kahle kuzindlela zokugcina okuphansi, ukubeka emaphaketheni, nokusebenzisa izinto ngokujwayelekile. Izihlathi zika-A3 zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuzindlela zokwakha ngokujwayelekile apho abasebenzi bafika kumathuba okukhupha okuphakeme. Izihlathi zika-A4 nezihlathi zika-A5 zisikhethwa kakhulu kuzindlela zokwenza izinkampani zemithali, ukufaka amaphuzu wemithali, nokusebenza kwezinhlangano. Izirating eziningi kusuka ku-A6 kuya ku-A9 zibhekene nezindlela eziphelele ezinokuthi zibe nesikhupha esikhulu kakhulu, ukusebenzisa imithali enkulu, noma izindawo zokukhupha ezinokuthi zibe nomthelela okuphakeme.

Kodwa, ukukhupha kungabikho ngokwanele. Isihlathi esinorating ephelele yokuKhupha yase-ANSI singadinga ukuthi sibe nesikhupha esikhulu sokuchitha, ukukhupha kwesikhupha, noma ukulinda ukuthi kubekwe phansi ngokuphakeme ngokulingana nendlela yokusebenza. Kuzindlela zokwakha, isihlathi esihle kakhulu sisihlathi esisindisayo, esinamandla, futhi esingaqondi indlela yokusebenza.

Ukuqondisa i-Ratings yase-EN 388: Ukuchitha, Ukukhupha, Ukuthwasa, Ukukhupha Kwesikhupha, nokulinda ukuthi kubekwe phansi ngokuphakeme

EN 388:2016+A1:2018 yilungisele kwezinkampani eziningi ukuthi ziyisifunda esihlukanisiweyo sokulinda izandla ngokwezinkinga zokusebenza. Kuyalungiselela amaphuzu amaningi, okwakhiwa ngokuthi kubhekwa ukuthi kuzokhathazeka njani ngokuchitha, ukuthatha isibonelo sokukhathazeka ngokuchitha, ukuthatha isibonelo sokukhathazeka ngokuthwabha, ukuthatha isibonelo sokukhathazeka ngokuphuma kwesikhombisa, nokuthatha isibonelo sokulinda ngokuthwabha kwezinye izinto.

Isilinganiso siboniswa njengezinhlobo zezinombolo nezilitera. Ukuthatha isibonelo sokukhathazeka ngokuchitha kusilinganiswa kusuka kuLeyveli 1 kuya kuLeyveli 4, apho Leyveli 4 ibonisa ukuthi kunezidingo eziphezulu. Ukuthatha isibonelo sokukhathazeka ngokuthwabha nokuphuma kwesikhombisa kusilinganiswa kusuka kuLeyveli 1 kuya kuLeyveli 4.

Kukuthatha isibonelo sokulinda ngokuchitha, EN 388 usebenzisa imithambo emibili yokuzilungiselela:

• Ukuzilungiselela kweCoupe, kusilinganiswa kusuka kuLeyveli 1 kuya kuLeyveli 5
• Ukuzilungiselela kweISO 13997 TDM, kusilinganiswa kusuka kuA kuya kuF

Amaphathi amaningi okusha okwenziwa ngamafibha akhethekile ayakwenzela ukuthi isikhombisa sibekwe sikhula, ngakho-ke isilinganiso seISO 13997 TDM sisithembekile kakhulu njengesilinganiso esihlukanisiweyo sokulinda ngokuchitha kwezincwadi zokulinda ezinkhethekile.

Umzekelo, incwadi yomkhawulo othi 4X43D ibonakalisa ukuthi kunezinkinga zokugqibela kakhulu, akukho phendulo yokugqibela kwe-Coupe engekho, ukuthi kunezinkinga zokugqibela kakhulu, ukuthi kunezinkinga zokugqibela kahle, nokuthi kunezinkinga zokugqibela kwe-TDM ezingaphansi kwe-Level D.

Nakuba i-EN 388 Level D inakha umkhawulo wokulinda okufanayo no-ANSI A4, izinhlangano zezifundo zibeziphanda ezahlukene futhi kungafanele kube zihlanganiswe ngokuzwana.

Kumasevisi we-construction apho kunezinkambo zokugqibela nezinhlobo zemithombo eyingqayizivele, abathengi kufanele bahlale bahlaziye umkhawulo wokulinda we-EN 388 wonke ngaphandle kokubhekisa kuphela kwe-level yokugqibela.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwemithombo Yokulinda Kwezincwadi Zokusebenza

Izincwadi zokusebenza zezintsha zisebenzisa iziphakade zemithombo nezincwadi zokulinda ukuze zifikelele eminye imiphumela yokulinda. Ngoba akukho mithombo oyinye onakha ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele kuzo zonke izindawo, abahleli bakhetha amithombo amaningi ukuze bakhelwe izincwadi zokusebenza ozinakha ukulinda nokuhlelwa.

HPPE, Kevlar®, Amithombo Weziliva Zesitayini, Nezincwadi Zokulinda Zesi-Nitrile: Izinkimbinkimbi Nezidingo

I-high-performance polyethylene (HPPE) iyasebenziswa kabanzi kwezincwadi zokugcuta ngoba iyabona ubukhulu obukhulu ngaphandle kokuba yingcono kanye nokufana ngezandla ngokuphindele. I-HPPE ephambili inokufika ekupheleni kwezilinganiso zokugcuta ze-ANSI ngaphandle kokuba inobunzima obukhulu kwezandla ngokuphindele.

Kodwa, i-HPPE ngokwesibonelo akasiza kabanzi ekulindeni kokugcoba. Ngalesikhathi, izincwadi zokusebenza eziningi zokubuyisa kuzo izincwadi zokugcuta zezandla ziyagcina izincwadi zokugcoba zezandla zokubuyisa.

Ama-Kevlar® nezinye izinkamba zezindaba zezindaba zizihlonipha ngokuthi zingakwazi ukugcina ukuchitha nokuthi zingatholi ubuhlungu bokuphahla. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini apho abasebenzi bafunda izihlangothi ezibomvu nezinhloko zokuphahla. Ngokulingana ngezinkamba zezindaba zezindaba ezincane, izinkamba zezindaba zingabonakala zingaqondi kakhulu, okungaba yindlela yokuthinteka kokushaya kwabantu emisebenzini eyodwa.

Izifibha zesithili esingasolwa zisetyenziswa kumaphepha amaningi ukuvinza ukungafani kwezikhumba. Lezi zifibha zivinza ukungafani kwezikhumba kodwa kungakwazi ukuvinza umkhondo wokuphatha izigubhu kanye nokuphatha ukuthi izigubhu ziyakhula ngokuphathelene nokukhulisa izigubhu.

Izicoco zesithili zisetyenziswa kahle ukuvinza ukungafani kwezikhumba nokuthi izigubhu zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele. Izicoco ezihlukahlukene, kufaka izicoco zesithili sezinkampani nezicoco zesithili sezinkampani zokuphatha, zivinza ukuthi izigubhu zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele emaphakathini athile, amadwala, noma amanqina. Kodwa, izicoco ezingabi nje kungavunywa ukuthi izigubhu zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele kanye nokuthi zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele.

Izihlombe zokukhulisa izigubhu zokukhulisa zizoba zingabi nje uma ziqondana nezihlombe zokukhulisa izigubhu zokukhulisa nezicoco zokukhulisa, zivinza ukuthi izigubhu zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele, zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele, kanye nokuthi izigubhu zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele.

Izihlombe zokukhulisa izigubhu, izihlombe zokukhulisa izigubhu, kanye nezihlombe zokukhulisa izigubhu zokukhulisa zokukhulisa

Izihlombe zokukhulisa izigubhu zizoba zingabi nje ngokuthi zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele kanye nokuthi zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele kanye nokuthi zizokhuluma ngendlela efanele.

Amaglova wezinkomo zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekusebenzeni okubomvu, ekufakweni kwezihlangothi, nekusebenza kwezindaba zezindaba, ngakho-ke amaglova wezinkambu zisayishwa kakhulu lapho kudingeka ukuthi zibe nomthelela okuningi nokuthi zibe nomthelela wokubona ngokushesha.

Kodwa, amaglova amadala asebenzisa izinkampani azinakwazi ukukhuluma ngokuphelele ngokuchitha izinto ezingazimisele. Lapho abasebenzi bafunda izihlangothi zezinkampani, iglashi, noma izinto ezingazimisele, amaglova amanqandela okuchitha amanqandela ayenziwe ngokuphatha kwe-HPPE, aramid, noma izinkamba zezindaba zezindaba ziyathembisa ukukhuluma ngokuphelele.

Amaglova amashiliza ayisebenzisa izinkampani eziningi ukuze aqondise izinkinga eziningi. Isimo esisodwa singasemthethweni sikhona:

• Isibhaca sokuchitha esinamanqandela sokuchitha esinamanqandela sokuchitha ngokuphatha kwe-HPPE, aramid, noma izinkamba zezindaba zezindaba
• Isandla esemthwakweni esinamathuba okukhanya noma esinamathuba okukhanya ngokwezinkampani zokugcina ukuthi isandla sikhanyise kanye nokugcina
• Amaphuzu amanquma aqondiswe ukuthi abe nesibonelo sokubulawa

Kusuka kwezinyathelo zokufaka i-drywall, abasebenzi bangafuna ukuthi bakholelwe kumkhawulo wokubulawa okunzima ngokuphelele kodwa ngezinkinga zokugcina. Kusuka kwezinyathelo zokuvula, ukuthi bakholelwe kumkhawulo wokugcina, wokubulawa, nokubulawa kungaba yinto enkulu.

Ukuhambisana kwezinkampani zokusebenza nezinyathelo zokwakha ngokwesibonelo sesilingo

Ukukhetha Ukuphakamisa Kwemithambo, Ukubulawa Kwemithambo, Nokuphakamisa Kwezimpawu

Izinkampani ezihlukahlukene ziyadinga ukulinganisa okuhle kwezilungiselelo.

Ukusebenzisa i-sheet metal kwenza izimpawu ezingaphezulu zokubulawa ngoba imithambo yomthwalo ubuncinane ingathola amaglova angafanele. Abasebenzi badinga amaglova enobunzima obuphezulu bokubulawa nokulinganisa okuhle kwezilungiselelo zempandla.

Ukufaka iglasu kudinga ukulinganisa okuhle kwezilungiselelo zokubulawa kodwa futhi kudinga ukulinganisa okuhle kwezilungiselelo zokugcina ukuze kungavaliwe ukudonsa ngokungafanele. Amaglova okubulawa okungafanele nesikhalo se-nitrile ayiseleni kakhulu ngoba ayilungiselela ukulinganisa okuhle kwezilungiselelo nokulinganisa okuhle kwezilungiselelo zokusebenzisa.

Ukusebenza ne-rebar nase-structural steel kwenza izimpawu eziningi, kubalulekile ukubulawa kwezimithambo, ukubulawa kwezilungiselelo, nokuphakamisa kwezimpawu. Ku manje emizini leyo, abasebenzi bayaqhubeka nokuziphatha ngamaglova enobunzima obuphezulu bokulinganisa okuhle kwezilungiselelo zokusebenza nokulinganisa okuhle kwezilungiselelo zokuphakamisa kwezimpawu, kanye nokulinganisa okuhle kwezilungiselelo zokuphakamisa kwezimpawu okuvumelwe ngu-ANSI/ISEA 138.

Ukusebenzisa iziqephu zokuzilahla kanye nokuhamba kwamathambo kuyadinga ukuthi kubhekwe kuzo zonke izibonelo kungabi nesilingo sokubulawa esiphelele. Ukukhetha izinkampani eziningi kakhulu kungabeka umsebenzi wakho ubizwa ngokungafanele, kungahlela ukuthi ube nomphumela, futhi kungavutha ukuthi uzithathe ngokuphelele.

Ukukhetha izinkampani eziphelele kufanele kubasekwe kwenkulumo yokubona izilingo zomsebenzi ngokwesibonelo, akufanele kubasekwe kuphela kwezidingo zokukhetha isilingo esiphelele.

Ukuthuthukisa isilingo sokusebenza kanye nokubonwa: ukubona, ukubuyisela, nokudala

Nangokuba izinkampani ezinamathuba okukhanya zikhethe kakhulu, zihlala zifika emva kwezinyathelo zokusebenza ngosuku. Ukubona kahle kusiza ukuthi ubone izilingo phambi kokuthi isibonelo sikwazi ukubonwa.

Ngaphambi kokushaya kwakho ngalinye, abasebenzi kufanele bakhankanye amaglova ngokuthi:

• Amashele noma amadlula emateriali
• Amacovha afana noma amadlula
• Amashele aqondile
• Ukungafani kwezinkambo zokubeka izimpawu
• Izindawo eziphakeme noma ezihlukume

Amaglova okubonakala kwezinkimanga, izintemperatura ezingaphezulu kwezinye noma amaswidi abonakala akhona kungadinga ukuzilungisa okuningi ngoba kungabonakali kusuka ngaphandle kodwa kungabonakala kusuka ngadl inside.

Ukugcina kahle kwezincwadi kungahlela ukuphakamisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwamaglova. Kufanele amaglova kugcinwe esikhaleni esihle, esishushu, futhi kusukela kusobunzima besolayi, izinkimanga, nokuphakama kwezintemperatura. Ukucisha kufanele kwenziwe ngokulandela izindaba zomthengisi, ngoba ukucisha okungafanele noma ukususa okungafanele kungalwazi amafibha nezincwadi.

Ukuzilungisa okuphansi—ukubona ubuhle, ukubona ukuthi kuyathola njani, nokubona isimo sakhe ngakumbi kabefore use—kusiza ukuthi abasebenzi bafumane umbono wokuvikela okubhekiswe kuwo ngamaglova.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ubani u-ANSI/ISEA 105 wokuvikela kwezincwadi?

U-ANSI/ISEA 105 uyavikela ukuvikela kwezincwadi ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuzilungisa yase-TDM-100 futhi uyavikela amaglova kusuka ku-A1 kuya ku-A9 ngokuchaza umthelela odingekayo ukuthi uzivikela ngamaglova.

Ubani u-EN 388 uyavikela?

EN 388 iyavala ukusebenza kwezinkokhelo zokuhlinzeka, kufaka ukuthi kuyalindeleka kanjani ukuthi kuzokwenzeka ukuthi kubhekwe, ukuthi kuzokwenzeka ukuthi kuthululwe, ukuthi kuzokwenzeka ukuthi kuthululwe ngokuphambuka, ukuthi kuzokwenzeka ukuthi kuthululwe ngokuphambuka, nokuthi kuzokwenzeka ukuthi kuthululwe ngokuphambuka (kungakhethwa).

Izinto eziphakanyiswa ngokuvamile kumaphoyisa okuthululwa ngokuphambuka zini?

Izinto eziphakanyiswa ngokuvamile zifaka i-HPPE, izihlangu sesikhathi esiphakade njenge-Kevlar®, izihlangu sezincili zezincili, nezihlangu zokugcina. Lezi zinto ziyagcinwa ngokuvamile nge-nitrile noma izinye izihlangu ukuze zibe nzima kakhulu futhi zibe nemfushane yempilo.

Izimaphoyisa zokusebenza kwezinsiza zidinga ukuthululwa ngokuphambuka?

Kumaqondo aphakanyiswe ngokuthi kuzokwenzeka ukuthi kuthululwe, ama-ama athululwa, noma ukuthululwa kwesandla, izimaphoyisa ezinomthwalo we-ANSI/ISEA 138 yokuthululwa ngokuphambuka zingathola isibonelo sokuphepha ekhaya.

Kufanele izimaphoyisa zokusebenza zihlanzwe kanjani?

Abasebenzi kufanele bahlane izimaphoyisa kabefore use, bazilande ngokuphepha, bazilange ngokulandela amazwi omsitheli, baze bazigcine lapho ubudlelwano bube yisibonelo sokukhula kwezinkokhelo zokuhlinzeka.